Transformación Digital de la Gestión del Agua: Avances en Ciudades de Países en Desarrollo

Digital Transformation of Water Management: Advances in Cities of Developing Countries

Contenido principal del artículo

Diana Margarita Hernandez Aviles
Yesica Alejandra Osorio Tabares
Harol Andres Osorio Rodriguez

Resumen

Este estudio analiza el efecto que tienen las iniciativas de agua digital sobre la gestión hídrica y la sostenibilidad urbana en ciudades de Latinoamérica y África. En un marco en el que coexisten problemáticas como el cambio climático y el incremento poblacional, estas tecnologías se presentan como herramientas clave para la optimización de los recursos hídricos. El objetivo principal es verificar como distintas soluciones digitales pueden transformar los sistemas de gestión hídrica y la sostenibilidad urbana, mediante sensores inteligentes, sistemas de monitorización, tecnologías para el control de la calidad de las aguas residuales, agua lluvia, distribución y gestión en situaciones de crisis. Para ello, se ha realizado una revisión bibliográfica sistematizada, que se ha integrado con un análisis de datos encontrados en estudios desarrollados en ciudades con distintos niveles de infraestructura tecnológica y acceso a los recursos hídricos. Los resultados indican que las tecnologías digitales tienen el potencial de disminuir de forma notable las pérdidas de agua, mejorar el funcionamiento operativo de los sistemas y aumentar la capacidad de respuesta ante la crisis. Las ciudades que tienen una infraestructura tecnológica más avanzada obtienen resultados mejores, pero al mismo tiempo se identifican barreras como la exigencia de inversión en investigación y desarrollo, estabilidad política y acceso a la financiación. Se concluye que la incorporación de las tecnologías digitales dentro de las políticas de gestión hídrica favorece la sostenibilidad y la resiliencia urbana ante los retos globales que tienen que afrontar el cambio climático o el crecimiento poblacional. Este estudio resalta y fomenta iniciativas digitales pensadas para ser replicables y flexibles en distintas regiones, reduciendo su impacto y maximizando su alcance.

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